Remove the stem from each kale leaf and discard. Thinly slice kale leaves, and place in a large bowl.

Place 1/2 garlic clove and 1/4 teaspoon kosher salt in a small pestle and mortar, and crush into a paste. If you don't have a pestle and mortar, you can mince the garlic and salt together on a cutting board. Then, using the side of your knife, mash the garlic and salt until it turns into a paste. Transfer garlic paste to a small bowl, and add extra virgin olive oil, lemon juice, Parmesan cheese, red pepper flake, a pinch of kosher salt, and several turns of black pepper, whisking to combine.

Drizzle dressing over the sliced kale leaves, then work the dressing into the kale using your hands/fingers (also known as massaging the kale). Let the salad sit a room temperature for 20 minutes. Season to taste with additional kosher salt if needed. To serve, divide salad between four salad plates, and top each with a drizzle of olive oil, a sprinkling of Parmesan cheese, and a few extra grinds of black pepper.